Founder Says WikiLeaks, Starved of Cash, May Close


 Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, said on Monday that his Web site could be forced to shut down by the end of the year because a 10-month-old “financial blockade” had sharply reduced the donations on which it depends.
Calling the blockade a “dangerous, oppressive and undemocratic” attack led by the United States, Mr. Assange said at a news conference here that it had deprived his organization of “tens of millions of dollars,” and warned, “If WikiLeaks does not find a way to remove this blockade, we will not be able to continue by the turn of the new year.”
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Since the end of 2010, financial intermediaries, including Visa, MasterCard, PayPal and Western Union, have refused to allow donations to WikiLeaks to flow through their systems, he said, blocking “95 percent” of the Web site’s revenue and leaving it to operate on its cash reserves for the past 10 months. An aide said that WikiLeaks was now receiving less than $10,000 a month in donations.
Mr. Assange said WikiLeaks had been forced to halt work on the processing of tens of thousands of secret documents that it had received, and to turn its attention instead to lawsuits it had filed in the United States, Australia, Scandinavian countries and elsewhere, as well as to a formal petition to the European Commission to try to restore donors’ ability to send it money through normal channels.
WikiLeaks receives and publishes confidential documents from whistle-blowers and leakers, who are eager to see the site continue with the publishing sensations that drew worldwide attention last year. WikiLeaks released and passed to news organizations huge quantities of secret United States military and diplomatic cables on the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and other subjects. Among the organizations the group worked with were The New York Times; Der Spiegel, a German newsmagazine; and The Guardian, a British newspaper.
Mr. Assange held the news conference while on a brief break from his effective house arrest on a country estate 100 miles outside London. Limits on his movements are part of the bail conditions imposed on him last year while British courts decide whether to extradite him to Sweden. The authorities there want him to answer questions related to accusations that he sexually abused two women during a visit to Stockholm in the summer of 2010. A British appeals court ruling on the extradition, pending for months, is expected at any time.
At the news conference on Monday, Mr. Assange said he and WikiLeaks were victims of a “conspiracy to smear and destroy” them, led by the United States Treasury, American intelligence agencies and “right-wing” forces in the United States, including powerful corporations led by Bank of America and Visa. He said the attack had also included “high-level calls” to assassinate him and other WikiLeaks associates, but offered no specifics to support the allegation.
The finances of WikiLeaks, and of Mr. Assange personally, have been part of the controversy that has swirled around the organization for the past year. Internal disputes have prompted several of Mr. Assange’s closest associates to quit the organization, and one of the issues they have raised concerns the tight, even secretive, control he maintained over its money.
This year, the Wau Holland Foundation, an organization that has operated as a channel for WikiLeaks donations and as a keeper of the organization’s books, issued a report saying that WikiLeaks raised $1.8 million in 2010, and spent slightly more than $550,000, leaving an apparent surplus of about $1.3 million at the start of 2011. A representative of Wau Holland who appeared with Mr. Assange on Monday at the Frontline Club in London said that its work for WikiLeaks had also been halted by the American financial measures. Asked in an e-mail after the news conference for details of WikiLeaks’ current financial status, Wau Holland said it would respond by the end of the week.
A signal that WikiLeaks was in increasing financial distress came last month when a collection of memorabilia associated with Mr. Assange was put up for sale to raise money for WikiLeaks. The items included a sachet of prison coffee he said he had smuggled out of the Wandsworth jail, where he was briefly held last year before bail was set in the extradition case, and an “exclusive” photograph of Mr. Assange at Ellingham Hall in eastern England, where he has lived since then.
One standout item in the sale was a laptop computer said to have been used in the preparation of the secret American government cables that WikiLeaks released; it was posted at a “buy it now” price of more than $550,000, with the highest early bid coming in at $6,000, according to a BBC report at the time. In a Twitter posting, WikiLeaks vaunted the attractions of the laptop, telling potential buyers, “In this exclusive auction item, you will get the full set of WikiLeaks cables, the WikiLeaks computer and its passwords.”
Mr. Assange responded brusquely on Monday when a reporter asked whether donations to WikiLeaks had been used to finance his extradition battle, with legal bills running into hundreds of thousands of dollars. A posting on the WikiLeaks Web site invites donations to the WikiLeaks and Julian Assange Defense Fund, but Mr. Assange said that no money intended for WikiLeaks had been used for his legal defense.
Last month, Canongate Books, based in Edinburgh, published a 340-page biography of Mr. Assange based on 50 hours of interviews he gave to a writer, Andrew O’Hagan, that were initially intended to yield a memoir. Mr. Assange later repudiated his book contractand, according to newspaper reports, refused to return a $650,000 advance; sales of the book have been sluggish.
nytimes.com

Steve Jobs and Me: A journalist reminisces


Fortune contributor Brent Schlender shares some of the stories and personal photographs he collected during more than two decades as Steve Jobs' chronicler and confidant.
Jobs' scribe: Schlender (left) interviewing Jobs at a Next company picnic
FORTUNE -- Most of us who wrote in depth about the brilliant career of Steve Jobs sooner or later came to realize that we were complicit in the making of a modern myth. You simply couldn't avoid it. And while it is true that Jobs was as charismatic as Clooney and as manipulative as Machiavelli, the legend we helped him construct served many purposes beyond pumping up his own ego. He was an irresistible force who knew that in order to bring to market the amazing technological wonders that bubbled in his imagination, he also had to become the Svengali of the digital revolution that was to be the hallmark of his generation.
Nevertheless, Steve was merely mortal. And his storied life was one of dissonances and contradictions. He proudly flouted authority, yet he embodied extreme self-discipline. He wouldn't suffer fools, but that wouldn't keep him from turning on the charm to woo a "bozo" who had something he needed. He was the ultimate nano-manager, who also could limn the grand strokes of a big picture that others rarely could fully perceive without his help.
While he never settled for anything but the extraordinary and dearly loved his Gulfstream jet, he led a curiously modest domestic life, especially after he had married and embraced fatherhood. He was intensely private, yet he hid in plain sight. He took his physical health far more seriously than most of us, yet his body utterly failed him. And the final irony is that when he died, by many measures he was at long last reaching his full stride. Yes, he had manipulated other people all along the way, sometimes callously. Likewise, we journalists exploited his fame and charisma whenever we could. But now that he's gone, it's plain to see that in the process of transforming all of our lives, Steve used himself up.
Looking back on my 25 years of dealings with Steve as an outsider who occasionally was invited in, there were chapters in his story I was never able to tell, either because they would violate a personal confidence or because what I had learned didn't really fit into a typical analytical business story. They are the kinds of observations and experiences that, for me, gave Steve a three-dimensionality and a depth of humanity that myths inevitably foreshorten.
Indeed, over the years the Jobs legend all too often bordered on cliché. And in many ways he liked it that way. Consequently one of the challenges -- and there were many in telling his story -- was to come up with apt and original ways to describe his uncanny knack for fanning something akin to lust for just about anything he chose to tout, whether it be a computer mouse or a software upgrade or a Pixar movie. Early on, when Steve was still in his twenties, one of his engineers called him a walking, talking "reality distortion field," and the metaphor (which he detested) stuck. Likewise, "brash" and "mercurial" became the overused adjectives of choice for many when describing his notoriously prickly personality.
In reality, his talents and idiosyncrasies were so diverse, complementary, and unusual that there were many different ways to interpret and describe his genius, and that was a big part of the fun. Ross Perot called him "the damnedest one-man band I've ever seen." Business guru Jim Collins likened him to the "Beethoven of business." Silicon Valley billionaire Larry Ellison dubbed him "our Picasso."
In various Fortune cover stories I called him the computer industry's "chief esthetic officer" at Apple (AAPL) and the "original impresario of virtual reality" at Pixar. And during Apple's sluggish stasis in the early 2000s, prior to hatching the iPod that would turbocharge its growth, I mockingly called him the "graying prince of a shrinking kingdom." Truth be told, that elicited a quick phone call from the "brash and mercurial" Jobs to tell me how it had given him a good laugh. Seriously.
1999 - Product review: Jobs scrutinizes the "dock" of icons that appears on the bottom of the screen of Apple's OS X user interface with an anxious team of engineers, designers, and marketers.
I first met Steve Jobs in February 1987, not long after moving to the San Francisco Bay Area to be the lead technology reporter for the Wall Street Journal. This was early in his "wilderness period," after he had been booted out of Apple in 1985. Within months Jobs had recruited a band of Apple colleagues to start a new computer company, appropriately called Next. On a whim, in 1986 he also plunked down $10 million to buy the digital-animation skunkworks that would come to be called Pixar Animation Studios, from film director George Lucas. It was a steal of a deal and would eventually make Steve an honest-to-God billionaire a decade later, after he took it public in 1995. (When Disney (DISacquired Pixar in 2006 and he became Disney's biggest shareholder and a director, his stake was worth many billions.)
Jobs cultivated our relationship because he wanted to stay in the public eye in order to promote Next and Pixar and to rebuild his credibility as a business and technology savant. He knew that I also covered Apple for the Journal, and let me know that if I ever wanted to exchange "intelligence" or needed a back channel to understand the real dynamics of what was becoming an ongoing soap opera in Cupertino, he was around.
I wrote several feature stories for the Journal about both Next and Pixar before moving on toFortune in 1989. Jobs and I seemed to click personally, in part because we were virtually the same age and had experienced similar adolescent rites of passage, and we shared a strikingly similar taste in books and movies and music. We would find out a few years later that one of my best friends from high school had very nearly married Steve's sister, the novelist Mona Simpson. Talk about a small world. (Steve, who was adopted as an infant, was in the process of tracking her down when I first met him.)
Still, I was always the reporter and Steve was the source and subject; I was the ink-stained wretch, and he was the rock star. More than anything, he wanted to get his stories told to the biggest and best audience possible, and I could give him that. For my part, I could sense he was bound for even bigger things and wanted to have a front-row seat. And so the overarching purpose for our social and personal interactions over the next 20 years would be journalistic transactions. And not all of them would please him.
2001 - Front-row seat to history: Schlender captured on camera the iPod launch event (left and center); nine months earlier he traveled to Macworld Toyko and watched Jobs (right) prep for his keynote.
The goal in most of my encounters with Steve was to bump him out of keynote mode and get him to extemporize about business, technology, the arts and media, politics and world events, and even his personal life. His instant analyses could be as sharp as they were blunt. That's when you would begin to see the true depth of his insight and intelligence, and realize that his penchant for performing was also something of a smoke screen that obscured his incredibly quick mind. There was so much one could learn in an unscripted hour with Jobs that my top editors at Fortune in New York City timed trips so that they could tag along on my interviews with him.
In one instance, John Huey, who is now Time Inc.'s editor-in-chief, joined me at Apple headquarters in Cupertino in 2003, not for a story interview but instead to get Jobs' advice on how he would clean up our struggling parent company, then known as AOL Time Warner. Steve looked at us incredulously and muttered something about what a waste of time it was to look in the rearview mirror. He then proceeded to spend the next 20 minutes methodically explaining in excruciating detail why AOL's business model of being a dial-up Internet service was a complete mismatch and had served only to slow down Time Warner's build-out of its much more promising broadband business. Then he waxed acerbic about why AOL's "postcard production values" for its online content were so "hopelessly last-century."
"Well, I guess that means you don't think it could be fixed," Huey said. To which Jobs replied, "I didn't say that. I know how you could fix it. I'm just not interested." Then, inexplicably, he went to the whiteboard and spent 15 more minutes mapping out a strategy right off the top of his head to turn AOL into something more like a media company. (That's more or less the course AOL (AOL) eventually followed, albeit with mixed success, after being spun out of Time Warner (TWX) several years later.)
"That's how I'd do it," he concluded, snapping the cap back on the dry marker with a flourish. "But like I said, I'm not interested."
2003 - Cover shoot: When photographer Michael O'Neill shot singer Sheryl Crow and Jobs for a Fortune cover, Schlender was there with a digital camera of his own.
The most enlightening meetings often were ones that Steve himself initiated, usually with a telephone call to my home out of the blue and always with a very specific purpose in mind. One Saturday morning in May 1995, he rang up and asked me to grab my two grade-school-age daughters and bring them over to his house in Palo Alto right away. "I'm watching Reed this morning, and I've got something cool to show them" was all he would say.
When we arrived, 3-year-old Reed Jobs greeted us at the kitchen door, wrapped in blue and red silk scarves and screeching, "I'm a witch!!!"
After making some popcorn and getting the kids some juice, Steve led us into the den and slapped a VHS cassette into the player. The music swelled and a stream of illegible, pencil-drawn storyboards simulating the opening credits of a movie flashed on the screen. And then, suddenly, an entirely new kind of animation burst forth in full color. All three kids were spellbound, even though the full animation had been completed for only half the movie. The soundtrack was finished, but entire scenes were only partially animated or in storyboard form.
It turned out that this was an early cut of Toy Story, the movie that would put Pixar on the map after its premiere six months later. The board of directors hadn't even seen this much of it. But this was market research, Steve Jobs-style. When it was over, he asked my kids (not me), "Whaddya think? Is it as good as Pocahontas?" Greta and Fernanda nodded vigorously. "Well, then, is it as good as The Lion King?" Fernanda replied, "I won't be able to make up my mind until I see Toy Story five or six more times."
Meeting with Steve wasn't always fun and games. On the Sunday after Christmas in 1995, Steve summoned me to his house to "talk on background" about the drama unfolding at Apple. This was around the time it had been rumored that either Sun Microsystems or Philips NV was about to make a bid to acquire the troubled company, and Steve was dropping hints that he and his "best friend" Ellison, the founder and CEO of Oracle (ORCL), were contemplating making their own bid for the company if that happened.
It seemed an odd gambit, and I told him it sounded to me like courting trouble. Steve replied that he wasn't really that serious about it. Still, he swore me to secrecy and then walked me out to my car. When he saw the decaying 1976 Toyota Celica parked at the curb, he stopped short. "I sure hope you don't drive your kids around in that thing! I'm not joking. That car has no airbags. Get rid of it."
A year later, in late 1996, rather than team up with Ellison to make a run at Apple, Jobs persuaded Apple CEO Gil Amelio to acquire Next for $400 million and take him on as a special adviser. Once inside, it wasn't long -- seven months to be exact -- before he had engineered a palace coup and put his team from Next in charge. Jobs' wilderness years had ended, and the sequel to the Steve Jobs Myth was about to begin.
During the next seven years I wrote four cover stories about Steve's transformative leadership at Apple and edited another. He gave Fortune an exclusive first look at the Mac OS X operating system. He also allowed me to be the only journalist to observe how frighteningly temperamental he could be during the final rehearsal for one of his Macworld keynote speeches. In 2001 he showed me the first iPod (under embargo) several weeks before it was publicly announced, primarily so he could see what I thought of his remarks for the introduction. And a year later he gave Fortune a first look at the iTunes Music Store before it went live online.
Of course, he took serious issue with some of the stories we published about him, and when he did, I'd be the first to hear about it. When we used him as the cover image for a June 2001 story called "Inside the Great CEO Pay Heist," he threatened to pull Apple ads fromFortune indefinitely. Although I didn't write that story, I encouraged him to write a letter to the editor to make the case that the story unfairly maligned him. He had a point, but in the end, he didn't ever hold a grudge. Not against me, at least.
I feel more strongly about Steve Jobs than any other famous person I have written about for one other reason. Like him, I have spent a lot of time in the hospital. Fifteen years ago I had my first heart attack, and when Steve heard about it, he called my hospital room to chew me out for being a smoker for much of my life. Six years ago I nearly died after a freak infection in an artificial heart valve turned into meningitis in my spine and brain, which in turn wiped out most of my hearing. I was in the hospital for five weeks, and Steve came to visit me twice, even though I was bordering on delusional at the time. I couldn't hear him either, so he had to write down what he wanted to say to me, which included a joke about Bill Gates that shouldn't be repeated.
When I recovered, I started planning a book project I wanted to call Founders Keepers that would attempt to explain why certain entrepreneurs seem to be able to grow as business leaders even faster than the companies they create. Steve consented to be one of the primary subjects of the book, along with Bill Gates, Michael Dell, and Andy Grove. All of them had agreed to meet with me for a roundtable discussion in Silicon Valley in late November 2008.
One week before the meeting, Steve called me at home. "I really hate to do this, Brent, but I have to back out of our meeting." Maybe it was just my new hearing aid, but he sounded uncharacteristically subdued. "I trust you not to say anything to anyone about why I'm canceling on you, but I'll tell you the truth. I really have to get to the bottom of my health problems once and for all. I'm in no condition to meet with anyone and am going to go on an extended medical leave after Thanksgiving." Three weeks later he received a liver transplant. We spoke only a few times after that. And three years later he was gone.
Steve Jobs certainly was a living legend and a prima donna, as well as a journalist's dream interview. He could be a beguiling charmer when he wanted to be and a petulant whiner when things didn't go his way. He loved his family. Yes, he was larger than life, but life deserted him. In other words, he was as human as they come.
cnn.com

Linux 3.1 is out and supports OpenRISC, NFC, Wii


Linus Torvalds released Linux 3.1 Monday and the new feature list is long and wide. Linux 3.1 includes a new iSCSI implementation and support for OpenRISC, Near-Field Communication chips, and -- get this -- Wii controllers.
OpenRISC is a project to build a free and open CPU under the GPL license and encompasses the CPU architecture, software development tools, libraries, and so forth. The implementation included in Linux 3.1 is the 32-bit OpenRISC 1000 family (OR1K).
RESEARCH: Network World Open Source Subnet
NFC support is interesting but not surprising. It is interesting because NFC is becoming the latest must-have feature for smartphones, and whileAndroid is a Linux derivative, it is in its own development sphere (some would call that a fork). So there really isn't another form of Linux smartphone out there yet, now that MeeGo is dead. However, Intel is still trying. Last month it announced it had landed Samsung as a new partner and would be working on a new Linux mobile project called Tizen, dusting its hands of MeeGo.
While it's not surprising that Linux would add NFC support -- the kernel tends to support up-and-coming technologies -- the question is how one would actually use NFC if not on a smartphone. Apparently, NFC is viewed as an important attribute for netbooks, tablets and embedded devices such as keycards or ID cards. NFC can also act like a barcode scanner, reading NFC tags on displays in museums or retail shelves, directing people to audio or visual information according to the Kernelnewbies.org site. It also has Bluetooth qualities and can be used to beam contacts, files, media and applications between devices. Linux 3.1 adds a NFC subsystem and a new NFC socket family.
This release also includes the latest iSCSI implementation. It replaces SCST in favor of Linux-iSCSI.org SCSI and ends a longstanding and formerly contentious fight in the Linux community over which iSCSI technology would be included with the kernel.
Support for the Wii controller remote is equally interesting. With this you'll be able to use the WiiMote and other Wii controller devices with Linux machines for whatever creative purposes you can imagine (or program). There are a couple of ports of Linux available today that run on the Nintendo Wii console: Wii-Linux and GameCube Linux. But perhaps with Wii remote support baked in, gesture-based gaming will soon be an option for Linux devices -- like desktops. Many Wii controllers such as the balance board, Nunchuk, etc., support Bluetooth and can also interact with a computer that way.
There are also "performance improvements to the writeback throttling, some speedups in the slab allocator, bad block management in the generic software RAID layer, a new 'cpupowerutils' userspace utility for power management, filesystem barriers enabled by default in Ext3, and new drivers," according to Kernelnewbies.org.
In his note announcing Linux 3.1, Torvalds joked (a little) about the securitybreach at kernel.org and noted that 3.1 is signed by his own GNU Privacy Guard key, an open source implementation of PGP. To recap: In late August hackers broke into the Kernel.org site that is the home of the Linux project. They gained root access to a server known as Hera and ultimately compromised a number of other servers in the kernel.org infrastructure. This led the Kernel.org folks to take down and rebuild the entire site and is one of the reasons the 3.1 release took nearly a month longer to release than the typical Linux release cycle.
Here is the full text announcement on 3.1 from Torvalds posted to the Linux Kernel Mailing List:
"As promised, the kernel summit has started, and Linux-3.1 is out. The (small) shortlog of changes since -rc10 are appended, we have mostly some sparc and networking changes, along with some radeon and intel iommu fixes (mostly for largepages and integrated graphics issues).
"Most people probably will not notice the changes. One big change from -rc10 is that there are tar-balls and patches, so if you aren't a git user (why?) you can download it now in a traditional format. On of the things to note is that the files are now signed by my gpg key, and it's the *uncompressed* version that the signature is for.
"And of course, this means that the merge window for 3.2 is open. I'll do some merging during the KS, but probably most when I get back home - but you can still send me the pull request, even if I may not necessarily pull it for a few days.
"NOTE! Because the -rc series was longer than usual, and as a result linux-next is bigger than usual, I'm going to be much more of a stickler for 'has your patch series been in linux-next' than usual. If I get a big pull request for things that I can't find in my linux-next branch, I will simply not pull it - we have enough code that has gone through the proper channels as it is, and we don't need anything extra.
"Another thing worth mentioning is that I really want the pull request to be validated some way. With the small changes late in the -rc series, I could afford to spend the time to look at commits and try to verify them, but with the merge window (and the 11k commits or so that I saw pending in the last linux-next tree), that just isn't reasonable.
"So use git.kernel.org or some other host that I can trust is really you.
"Have fun,
"Linus"
Julie Bort is the editor of Network World's Microsoft Subnet and Open Source Subnet communities. She writes the Microsoft Update and Source Seeker blogs. Follow Bort on Twitter @Julie188.
computerweorld.com.au

Blackberry users complain of fresh crash



Blackberry users have complained of a fresh crash hours after the company which makes the smartphones, RIM, said all services were "operating normally".
On Twitter angry users reported renewed issues with their handsets and an inability to send messages and email.
The initial blackout saw Blackberry services across Europe, the Middle East and Africa disrupted - but that has now spread to Latin America.
RIM said the problems were caused by core and back-up switch failures.
One tweeter summed up the mood of many: "Blackberry server down AGAIN?!!! you have got to be kidding me!!!!!"
'Data backlog'
Many called on the phone firm to "sort out" the problems and get the network running again.
RIM acknowledged it was still experiencing problems and apologised for the inconvenience.
"The messaging and browsing delays... in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, India, Brazil, Chile and Argentina were caused by a core switch failure within RIM's infrastructure," a company statement said.

"As a result, a large backlog of data was generated and we are now working to clear that backlog and restore normal service as quickly as possible.""Although the system is designed to failover to a back-up switch, the failover did not function as previously tested.
The crash comes only a few hours after RIM had issued a statement which said all services were now "operating normally".
That blackout left millions of users without email, web browsing and Blackberry Messaging (BBM) services following the crash around 11:00 BST on 10 October.
The cause is believed to be due to server problems at RIM's Slough data centre.
Blackberry users around the world began reporting problems with their handsets mid-morning on 10 October and at 14:42 BST, Blackberry UK sent out a tweet which said: "Some users in EMEA are experiencing issues."
The "issues" left many Blackberry owners only able to text and make calls.
'Harsh criticism'
Many corporate customers said they had not lost service, suggesting that the problem was with Blackberry's BIS consumer systems, rather than its BES enterprise systems.
"Blackberry runs two infrastructures," explained Simon Butler, a Microsoft Exchange consultant at Sembee.
"The understanding I have is that the BIS service has crashed.
"The business side runs on a different set of servers, although enterprise Blackberrys can still use messenger and the consumer services, so they are also affected," said Mr Butler.
Such a major failure will still come as unwelcome news to Blackberry's owner RIM, which has been losing market share to smartphone rivals - in particular Apple's iPhone.
Many corporate clients have switched to the device after Apple made a concerted effort to improve its support for secure business email systems.
Malik Saadi, principal analyst at Informa Telecoms & Media, said RIM would have to resolve the problem quickly.
"The current situation with the Blackberry outages couldn't come at a worse time for RIM, following some harsh criticism in recent months," he said.
Such crashes may lead RIM and others to "re-evaluate their reliance on centralised servers and instead look to investing in more corporately controlled servers", he added.
But he thinks customers will stick with the firm despite current frustrations.
"It will take more than just a couple of collapses to persuade loyal consumers of Blackberry services to look for alternatives," he said.
Many of those complaining about the crash said on Twitter that they could not live without access to BBM.
bbc.com.uk

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